What Are the Products of Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is the name given to the set of chemical reactions performed by plants to convert energy from the sun into chemical energy in the form of sugar. Specifically, plants use energy from sunlight to react carbon dioxide and water to produce sugar (glucose) and oxygen. Many reactions occur, but the overall chemical reaction for photosynthesis is: 6 CO2 6 H2O light → C6H12O6 6 O2Carbon Dioxide Water Light yields Glucose Oxygen In a plant, the carbon dioxide enters via leaf stomates by diffusion. Water is absorbed through the roots and is transported to leaves through the xylem. Solar energy is absorbed by chlorophyll in the leaves. The reactions of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplasts of plants. In photosynthetic bacteria, the process takes place where chlorophyll or a related pigment is embedded in the plasma membrane. The oxygen and water produced in photosynthesis exit through the stomata. Key Takeaways In photosynthesis, energy from light is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.For 6 carbon dioxide and 6 water molecules, 1 glucose molecule and 6 oxygen molecules are produced. Actually, plants reserve very little of the glucose for immediate use. Glucose molecules are combined by dehydration synthesis to form cellulose, which is used as a structural material. Dehydration synthesis is also used to convert glucose to starch, which plants use to store energy. Intermediate Products of Photosynthesis The overall chemical equation is a summary of a series of chemical reactions. These reactions occur in two stages. The light reactions require light (as you might imagine), while the dark reactions are controlled by enzymes. They dont require darkness to occur -- they simply dont depend on light. The light reactions absorb light and harness the energy to powder electron transfers. Most photosynthetic organisms capture visible light, although there are some that use infrared light. Products of these reactions are adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). In plant cells, the light-dependent reactions occur in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. The overall reaction for the light-dependent reactions is: 2 H2O 2 NADP   3 ADP 3 Pi   light → 2 NADPH 2 H   3 ATP O2 In the dark stage, ATP and NADPH ultimately reduce carbon dioxide and other molecules. Carbon dioxide from the air is fixed into a biologically usable form, glucose. In plants, algae, and cyanobacteria, the dark reactions are termed the Calvin cycle. Bacteria may use different reactions, including a reverse Krebs cycle. The overall reaction for the light-independent reaction of a plant (Calvin cycle) is: 3 CO2   9 ATP 6 NADPH 6 H  Ã¢â€ â€™ C3H6O3-phosphate 9 ADP 8 Pi   6 NADP   3 H2O During carbon fixation, the three-carbon product of the Calvin cycle is converted into the final carbohydrate product.   VectorMine / Getty Images Factors That Affect the Rate of Photosynthesis Like any chemical reaction, the availability of the reactants determines the amount of products that can be made. Limiting the availability of carbon dioxide or water slows the production of glucose and oxygen. Also, the rate of the reactions is affected by temperature and the availability of minerals that may be needed in the intermediate reactions. The overall health of the plant (or other photosynthetic organism) also plays a role. The rate of metabolic reactions is determined in part by the maturity of the organism and whether its flowering or bearing fruit. What Is Not a Product of Photosynthesis? If youre asked about photosynthesis on a test, you may be asked to identify the products of the reaction. Thats pretty easy, right? Another form of the question is to ask what is not a product of photosynthesis. Unfortunately, this wont be an open-ended question, which you could easily answer with iron or a car or your mom. Usually this is a multiple choice question, listing molecules which are reactants or products of photosynthesis. The answer is any choice except glucose or  oxygen. The question may also be phrased to answer what is not a product of the light reactions or the dark reactions. So, its a good idea to know the overall reactants and products for the photosynthesis general equation, the light reactions, and the dark reactions. Sources Bidlack, J.E.; Stern, K.R.; Jansky, S. (2003). Introductory Plant Biology. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-290941-8.Blankenship, R.E. (2014). Molecular Mechanisms of Photosynthesis (2nd ed.). John Wiley Sons. ISBN 978-1-4051-8975-0.Reece J.B., et al. (2013). Campbell Biology. Benjamin Cummings. ISBN 978-0-321-77565-8.

The Issue Of The Presidential Election - 968 Words

While Americans argue over immigration, which will be a major topic of debate during the upcoming 2016 Presidential Election, a widening number of Americans are quietly emigrating to other countries. A recent online poll conducted by TrasferWise, a peer-to-peer funds transfer service headquartered in the United Kingdom, shows that 35 percent of Americans are considering leaving the country, in the meantime, a record number has already left. How Many Have Left? Therein lies a problem, the U.S. does a lousy job of keeping statistics on who leaves (Yet they can tell you every detail of who’s coming into the country legally and provide great estimates for illegal immigration!). Yes, the IRS publishes a list of Americans who give up their U.S. citizenship, but that number is vague and doesn’t tell the whole story. A November 2006 report issued by the United Nations Secretariat, â€Å"Estimation of Emigration from the United States Using International Data Sources† tells the real tale of Americans leaving the country. â€Å"The U.S. Census Bureau does not collect data on the number of people, either citizens or non-citizens, who emigrate from the United States, thus has no reliable source for these numbers.† The IRS list doesn’t include naturalized citizens that left the U.S., only Americans born in the U.S. that left and denounced citizenship. 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Physical Activity and Risk Factors †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Physical Activity and Risk Factors. Answer: Introduction: Sultan Bin Saeed Al Mansoori, is the Economy Minister of UAE believed that the country is in progress of gaining the benefits of its policy of economy diversification. This policy helped the country to move from the dependency on one sector i.e. oil sector to depending on various sectors. From last few years the economy of the nation is growing positively. The economy now is determined through its own aspects, whereas its efficiency basis is durable, strong and diversified (Khaleej Times. 2015). Physical fitness of the work force in UAE is an opportunity such as it helps in managing the lifestyle of the employee as hectic schedule do not allow him to invest time in the gym so work place is the best place to adopt the healthy habits. On the other side to maintain the physical fitness of the older workers is a challenge. Family members, shareholders, community, employees and whole society is affected directly or indirectly by the workforce physical fitness level (Pronk, 2015). Physical fitness has relations with the positive health results, with declining risk for unnecessary deaths and long-lasting circumstances such as type 2 diabetes, back pain, cancers, cardiovascular disease, high cholesterol, as well as less health maintenance expenditure, efficiency loss, absence, temporary disability, and lost workdays and improved mood and performance of the work (Sport and Dev. 2017). Fitness is also related with non-health related aids, such as increase in the income of the person as well as his/her family, decreased debt, decrease in the number of unemployment, decrease turnover rate, satisfaction of the job and enrollment and workers retention. Security of the nation is enhanced due to fitness of the particular occupational groups such as law enforcement, firefighters and military as safety is a societal benefit (Health Galaxy. 2016). The workers will be more active due to full-time employment. Full-time employment amongst men, was completely related with physical movement stages irrespective of being in a sitting or desk job as compared to persons who did not work. Among women, though, persons in sitting full-time jobs were considerably less active compared to their nonworking colleagues. However, women with active jobs were approximately 30% extra active throughout the week compared to those with sitting jobs and similarly approx. 22% of men were noted (Pronk , 2015). Company is benefited due to the fitness of its workforce in the matter of its business performance and peoples health. This benefit indicates towards the better economic wealth for an progressively group of people and adds to the mutual resource pool, allowing groups to participate more in other macro societal factors of health such as governance, infrastructure, education, mass media, culture, migration, etc. several of these are serious for the success of a business and all of them are critical for health (Drevits, 2015). Such investments generate good jobs, rise housing worth and upkeep global, national and local competitiveness. Therefore, fitness of the workforce is very important for their companies, family, communities and to themselves and hence to be taken as a corporate asset to be concurrently sheltered and encouraged. Health services of UAE Several emerging countries are struggling against hunger and poor health. Spending on health has been considered as investment in human wealth. Economic development and health has a reciprocal relation (Frenk, 2017). To improve the health of the people Economic development policies are very important. Good health donates to development of economy. Good health is considered to be a basic need of human and is an important goal. The potential of human increases with the good health and improves the quality of work. Therefore, programs of health main aim is to eliminate illness and death and to deliver sufficient hygiene, health care and nutrition. According to the estimations approx. 99 percent of the UAE population had access to use the health facilities, approx. 95 percent had approached to safe water and hygiene facilities are accessed by 77 percent of the population (Shihab, 2017). The aim of health policies of UAE Government is to provide different facilities and at programs implementing is aimed at progressing the service level and providing the education of health in UAE. They have initiated precautionary medical programs like mother and child health care, vaccination and immunizations for children, observing and noticing of infectious diseases, and health informative programs. In addition, the Ministry of Health (MOH) of UAE offers medical centres for school going children, to all the units of health for children in every school throughout the UAE. Qualified nurses with equipments of first aid are also provided by these units. According to the population of UAE doctors, hospitals, nurses and beds are available througho ut the UAE. Generally, in UAE health facilities are distributed evenly (Abed Hellyer, 2001). Companies of UAE are working towards creating an environment of happier and healthier through different social and sports activities. The Ras Al Khaimah which is a free trade zone has launched a program of wellness and fitness for its 370 employees, providing different workshops for volleyball and yoga with healthy breakfast (Swan, 2012). According to the deputy director general Maryam Al Murshedi Al Shehhi, people are their main asset. Business cannot be maintained without a happy and healthy staff, otherwise they will be considered as a machine. A good product cannot be produced without a good machine. Even, the doctors week was offered by the company to its staff where they learnt about prevention from diseases, skincare and cosmetic treatments. Afterward, smoking cessation and weight loss campaigns will be held and daily health food will be offered that will include cereal, yogurt and fruit. Further, Simple changes were asked from the employees like drinking water. Normally, peop le do not drink enough water which is required when they sit in an office, but this habit does not only effect the health of the people but their morale too. The UAE is counted in one of the wealthy country, it is because of its resources of oil and its population base. The above essay proves that the fitness of the workforce and the growth of the economy are related. If workforce will not be fit then they will not give their best in the work and will definitely affect the profit of business and overall the economy of the UAE country. Eventually, if people will be fit it will not only benefit the economy of UAE but also the family of the individual. References Abed, I Hellyer, P. (2001). United Arab Emirates: A New Perspective. Trident Press Ltd. Drevits, T. (2015). The Five Benefits of Workplace Fitness Culture. Retrieved from: https://www.corporatewellnessmagazine.com/worksite-wellness/five-benefits-workplace-fitness-culture/ Frenk, J. (2017). Health and the economy: A vital relationship. Retrieved from: https://oecdobserver.org/news/archivestory.php/aid/1241/Health_and_the_economy:_A_vital_relationship_.html Health Galaxy. (2016). Benefits of physical fitness. Retrieved from: https://www.health-galaxy.com/benefits-of-physical-fitness.html Khaleej Times. (2015). UAE economy is strong, sustainable: Al Mansoori. Retrieved from: https://www.khaleejtimes.com/nation/government/uae-economy-is-strong-sustainable-al-mansoori Pronk, N.P. (2015). Why does fitness matter? Retrieved from: https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122714 Shihab, M. (2017). Economic Development in the UAE. Retrieved from: https://www.uaeinteract.com/uaeint_misc/pdf/perspectives/12.pdf Sport and Dev. (2017). Sport, physical activity and risk factors for major diseases. Retrieved from: https://www.sportanddev.org/en/learn-more/health/sport-physical-activity-and-risk-factors-major-diseases-0 Swan, M. (2012). UAE companies work towards happy, healthy workforce. Retrieved from: https://www.thenational.ae/lifestyle/wellbeing/uae-companies-work-towards-happy-healthy-workforce-1.386887

Interview with an immigrant free essay sample

Migration has contributed to the richness in diversity of cultures, ethnicities and races in developed countries. However, individuals who migrate experience multiple stresses that can impact their mental well-being, including the loss of cultural norms, religious customs, and social support systems, adjustment to a new culture and changes in identity and concept of self. â€Å"Migration is defined as any permanent change in residence. It involves the ‘detachment from the organization of actives at one place and the movement of the total round of activities to another† (Drachman, Kwon-Ahn, Paulino, 1996, p.  627). Many influences can determine migration and why people migrate to where they do. One important theory that contributes to this idea of migration is the push-pull theory. The push-pull theory says that some people move because they are pushed out of their former location, whereas others move because they have been pulled, or attracted, to another location. â⠂¬Å"Push factors are generally negative, such as poor economic conditions, lack of opportunity, discrimination, political oppression, and war. We will write a custom essay sample on Interview with an immigrant or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Whereas pull factors are generally positive, such as better economic opportunity, political freedom, and favorable reception toward immigrants† (Potocky-Tripodi, 2002, p. 13). In order to understand the resettlement and adaption of immigrants in a host country, it is critical to examine all aspects of an immigrant migration path. In light of this phenomenon is significant to understand this process through the lens of three stages of migration: premigration and departure, transit, and resettlement. Theses stages can serve as an ongoing frame of reference for evaluation and comparing their current experience in the host country. â€Å"The stage of migration framework provides a context for understating and helping immigrants families and individuals by linking the migration experiences in the original and intermediate countries with experiences in the country of destination† (Drachman, Kwon-Ahn, Paulino, 1996, p. 627). Using this framework an interview was conduct to analyze the human experiences of migration in attempt to further gain insight on immigrant who take into account not only their economic needs but also social and cultural differences, which may or may not be accepted. For the privacy of the interviewee, the name Ms. Stephenson will be disclosed for the purpose of confidentiality. Ms. Stephenson is a 52 year old woman whom resides in Stamford, Connecticut. Ms. Stephenson country of origin is Haiti. Ms. Stephenson is of Catholic faith. Ms. Stephenson is well–educated women who received her bachelors Human Rights and Humanitarian Policies from Columbia University in New York City. Upon graduating Ms. Stephenson obtained a job as a Bi-lingual Case Manager. Ms. Stephenson moved to Connecticut in 2002 to work closely with the Haitian population in Stamford, Connecticut. Ms. Stephenson is married with three children. Ms. Stephenson would consider herself to be middle class. Ms. Stephenson distinguished herself as a Haitian-American. Premigration and Departure Stage The premigration and departure stage consist of the decision-making process to leave one’s origin country to move to another. This entails loss of family and social environment. â€Å"Separation from family and friends, the act of leaving a familiar environment, decision regarding who is left behind, life threating circumstances, and loss of significant others are some of the issue individual face in this stage† (Drachman Pine, 2005, p.  545). Ms. Stephenson comes from a blue collar middle class family. Her father worked in construction and her mother was a school teacher. Ms. Stephenson states, â€Å"Education is very important in my family. My parents always worked hard to pave a brighter future for us†. Ms. Stephenson did not travel with family upon leaving Haiti. Her parents used their savings to provide fin ancial support to their daughter. Ms. Stephenson did not leave abruptly. It was a planned process that detail a great deal of investigation where she will stay upon her arrival. According to Potocky-Tripodi (2002), the losses are greater and the premigration and departure experience is more traumatic for refugees than for immigrants. Refugees often leave under hurried, chaotic, and dangerous conditions. There was a local shelter in New York where she would reside until she became financially stable. Her parents offered great social support and would assist her financially when they can. She states, â€Å"I am the oldest of three children. My parents made the choice for me to go to America for academic and economic advancement. † She further states, â€Å"The reality in Haiti is quite far from the law: political, economic and social features of Haiti negatively affect most Haitians. Nonetheless, Haitian women experience additional barriers of our basic rights due to principal social beliefs that we are inferior to men and a historical pattern of discrimination and violence against us based on their sex. † She continued by stating, â€Å"While I was a young girl president Jean-Claude Duvalier used widespread violence, including rape, as a means of suppressing opposition to his government. † When Ms. Stephenson was 20 years old, Psresident Raoul Cedras came into office with the same principles of victimization as way to oppress women. Ms. Stephenson stated, â€Å"My parents were fearful of me becoming victimized. As I often expressed my opposed ideas of this oppressed government. A year after his election my parents made the choice that it was time for me to go to America. † Transit The transit stage involves the physical movement from one country to another. Ms. Stephenson journey was not that of a refugee, where it can be dangerous and life threatening. Ms. Stephenson traveled through transportation of plane to come to the United States. Upon her arrival, Ms. Stephenson was detained by the authorities. â€Å"Immigrants who are taken into detention from a port-of-entry, most commonly an airport, are generally classified under U. S. Immigration law as â€Å"arriving aliens. † Arriving aliens have no legally recognized right to enter the United States and are generally turned away at the port-of-entry. To avoid being turned away Ms. Stephenson stated to immigration officials, â€Å"Due to the sexual violence against women. I was fear full of returning to my country. I was feared that I will persecuted in my home country. Ms. Stephenson was request to complete a â€Å"credible fear† interview which would determine. Ms. Stephenson was granted credibility fear of persecution. While waiting for her approval Ms. Stephenson had to be detained. Stephenson spent a year in an immigrant detention center in New York, where she witnessed the treatment received by undocumented migrants in those facilities, most of which are administered by private corporations. Ms. Stephenson states, â€Å"They were five very difficult months. As people, we have the right to freedom, and to be in prison is very difficult for any human being, above all if you havent committed any crime. I felt that my pride and dignity being stripped from each second, minute, day, and month I spent in the detention center. † While in custody at the dentation center, Ms. Stepson put her education to use to help others in translating documentations while detained. While detained, Ms. Stephenson witnessed the misuse and mistreatment of in individuals receiving medical care. She states: â€Å"Although I was not directly the victim of any kind of abuse, I certainly witnessed medical neglect. † While in detention the center Ms. Stephenson became stressed as the process lingered. â€Å"The word stress refers to the psychological discomfort or distress people frequently experience in daily life, especially while adjusting to new environment† (Drachman Ryan, 2001, p. 660). Ms. Stephenson would often use the supports of other detention members to cushion the stress endured while detain, however the feeling of loss from family in his country of origin was very strenuous on his physical health. She states, ‘†Feeling the loss of family made me sick to the core. At night I would have cold sweats. At times I would vomit until I started dry-heaving. † According to Drachman Ryan (2001), losses also are associated with separation from members of their families and other social support networks. This experience can cause for greater stress and traumatic experience. Resettlement Stage The last stage of migration is the Resettlement Stage. The stage comprises of people’s stay in the new country. â€Å"Such issues include adaptation to the cultural norms of the new country; health and mental health problems; language, education, and employment issues; changing family dynamics; and relations between the newcomers and established residents† (Potocky-Tripodi, 2002, p.  20). After a stressful process, Ms. Stephenson was granted asylum. Ms. Stephenson stated, â€Å"I am blessed to be granted asylum. I witnessed many of my counterparts who were misfortune to have the same blessing bestowed on them. † While waiting to apply for permanent residence, Ms. Stephenson resided with a fellow detainee whom had family re siding in New York. Ms. Stephenson would pick-up jobs around the community a source of income. Ms. Stephenson experiences during the transit stage created great strain on her identity. She states, â€Å"I felt that I had to recreate myself. The woman before her arrival to America was lost. The confinement she endure did not feel like â€Å"America†. The women who embraced her culture was confined to no more than a small room and cold steel bars. † She further states, â€Å"That I was not looked as a Haitian women full of rich culture, I was only seen as black. † According to Drachman and Ryan (2001), the search for identity and/or the recreation of identity are complicated processes for immigrants. They must reexamine and change their attitudes toward themselves, toward other ethnic groups and toward the dominate culture. Ms. Stephenson picked up the pieces of her shattered identity and pursued to become an American. One year after the date which Ms. Stephenson was granted final asylum status, she applied for legal permanent residence. Ms. Stephenson worked at local market to provide an income and did receive government assistance. She states, â€Å"I was often frustrated with my earned wage, but I knew that is my only mean for finances. † . â€Å"Immigrants often suffer the frustrations of being unemployed and regarded as fringe wage earners. Many immigrants willingly accept menial or semiskilled jobs in order to survive. (Drachman Ryan, 2001, p. 663). Ms. Stephenson did continue to receive family support. She states, â€Å"There was not a day that went by that I did not speak to my family on the phone. My family is my life line. † â€Å"Social support provide emotional and tangible benefits to individuals. Literature has indicated that social supports directly affect immigrants who are exposed to demands or are experiencing stress† (Drachman Ryan. 2001, p. 667). While working as cashier at a local market Ms. Stephenson noticed a sign that stated â€Å"Do not lose hope, when the sun goes down, the stars come out. † Hope is what brought Ms. Stephenson to America. She notes, â€Å"It was hope that my parents had for me in their decision of me coming to America. It was hope that placed me on that plane that faithful day. And it was hope that abled me to get through the year of detention† Ms. Stephenson sought out services that helped her to further her academic career. Ms. Stephenson was able to enroll in Columbus University through grants, scholarships and a program known as Tuition Assistance Program (TAP). Ms. Stephenson graduated from Columbia University in 1999. After graduating, she obtained a job as a Bi-lingual Case Manager in Brooklyn, New York. In 2002, she moved to Stamford, Connecticut where she works for International Institute of Connecticut, Inc. (IICI). Ms. Stephenson stated, â€Å"IICI is a nonprofit human service agency that addresses the need to provide new immigrants and refugees in Connecticut with services to help them become self-sufficient, integrated and contributing members of the community†. In 2005, Ms. Stephenson was pleased to state, â€Å"I became a United States Citizen†. Immigrants and Implications on Social Workers Working toward fair and just immigration and refugee policies is important to the profession of social work and essential to the realization of human rights. Social workers recognize migration as a complex social, cultural, and political process. Social workers must provide advocacy in services among the immigrant and refugee population. Social workers should adhere to designs and coordinate community support programs for refugee families both in the U. S. and in other countries. Social workers will need to assist these groups in integrating into various aspects of U. S. society, including the educational system and the workforce. When families migrate, they often separate and then reunify, which requires a redefining of the family. Cultural competency with immigrant children and families requires more than just learning about their culture. â€Å"Culturally competent social workers continually evaluate their practice and polices and procedures within their agencies to determine how they my better serve, and be more effective with, ethnic minority† (Potocky-Tripodi, 2002, p. 181). It also includes an understanding of the process of migration, the reasons families migrate, and the process of acculturation and related family or marital stressors. Social Workers must become culturally competent when providing services to immigrants and their families. When a professional forms a working relationship with a client of a different ethnic or cultural (or religious, socio-economic, etc. ) background, the responsibility is on the professional to develop culturally-sensitive practices. This involves not only working to understand some basic information about the clients culture, but also how the professionals own culture and upbringing may affect his or her ability to work with a particular clientele. References

Movies vs Books essays

Movies vs Books essays Air, food, water, shelter, and fire are important elements of life for human bings. Without those elements humans could not possibly survive. Those are the obvious ones, but have you ever thought of something else that you couldnt live without? When you answered that question did television, or books come to mind? If they didnt then think again. Entertainment is a very important part of our existence, especially in our culture. Without entertainment, whether it be individual or with a group, humans could not stay sane, hence could not survive. There are many types of entertainment. Humans, since Adam and Eve have been entertaining themselves in all sorts of different ways. As simple as playing with sticks and stones, and as complex as flying F-16 fighting jets; we need entertainment. Two of the most popular forms of entertainment today is watching televison, and reading books. Reading and writing is one of the oldest forms of communications. Throughout the ages stories have been past down from generation to generation through word of mouth, and through the advent of paper; books. One hundred years ago there was no radio, no cars, and no television. They entertained themselves in different ways then we do today. When they finished their work, instead of plopping themselves on the couch with the remote control, they either sat down with their family and talked, or they read. They read poems, mystery novels, science-fiction novels, romance novels, and so on. People one hundred years ago read much more than we do today, so does that make them smarter than we are today? When I sit down somewhere to read a book, I have to get prepared. I have to be in a quiet atmosphere, I have to be in the mood to read, and I must be prepared to sit down and read for a time period of at least an hour. If Im not able to do any one of those things when I start to read, then I will lose my concentration, and I will st...

Learn About Sudan - Geography, History, and More

Learn About Sudan - Geography, History, and More Population: 43,939,598 (July 2010 estimate)Capital: KhartoumBordering Countries: Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Libya, South Sudan, and UgandaLand Area: 967,500 square miles (2,505,813 sq km)Coastline: 530 miles (853 km)Sudan is located in northeastern Africa and it is the largest country in Africa. It is also the tenth largest country in the world based on area. Sudan is bordered by nine different countries and it is located along the Red Sea. It has a long history of civil wars as well as political and social instability. Most recently Sudan has been in the news because South Sudan seceded from Sudan on July 9, 2011. The elections for secession began on January 9, 2011 and the referendum to secede passed strongly. South Sudan seceded from Sudan because it is mostly Christian and it has been engaged in a civil war with the Muslim north for several decades.History of SudanSudan has a long history that begins with its being a collection of small kingdoms until Egypt conquered the area in the early 1800s. At this time however, Egypt only controlled the northern portions, while the south was made up of independent tribes. In 1881, Muhammad ibn Abdalla, also known as Mahdi, began a crusade to unify western and central Sudan which created the Umma Party.In 1885, Mahdi led a revolt but he died soon after and in 1898, Egypt and Great Britain regained joint control of the area.In 1953, however, Great Britain and Egypt gave Sudan the powers of self-government and put it on a path to independence. On January 1, 1956, Sudan gained full independence. According to the United States Department of State, once it gained independence Sudans leaders began to renege on promises to create a federal system which began a long period of civil war in the country between the northern and southern areas as the north has long tried to implement Muslim policies and customs.As a result of the long civil wars, Sudans economic and political progress has been slow and a large part of its population has been displ aced to neighboring countries over the years. Throughout the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, Sudan underwent several changes in government and suffered from high levels of political instability along with the continuing civil war. Beginning in the early 2000s though, the government of Sudan and the Sudan Peoples Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) came up with several agreements that would give South Sudan more autonomy from the rest of the country and put it on a path to becoming independent.In July 2002 steps to end the civil war began with the Machakos Protocol and on November 19, 2004, the Government of Sudan and the SPLM/A worked with the United Nations Security Council and signed a declaration for a peace agreement that would be enacted by the end of 2004. On January 9, 2005 the Government of Sudan and the SPLM/A signed the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA).Government of SudanBased on the CPA, Sudans government today is called a Government of National Unity. This is a power sharing type of government that exists between the Nation al Congress Party (NCP) and the SPLM/A. The NCP however, carries most of the power. Sudan also has an executive branch of government with a president and a legislative branch that is made up of the bicameral National Legislature. This body consists of the Council of States and the National Assembly. Sudans judicial branch is made up of several different high courts. The country is also divided into 25 different states.Economics and Land Use in SudanRecently, Sudans economy has begun to grow after many years of instability due to its civil war. There are a number of different industries in Sudan today and agriculture also plays a large role in its economy. The main industries of Sudan are oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments and automobile assembly. Its main agricultural products include cotton, peanuts, sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sugarcane, tapioca, mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame and livestock.Geography a nd Climate of SudanSudan is a very large country with a total land area of 967,500 square miles (2,505,813 sq km). Despite the countrys size, most of Sudans topography is relatively flat with a featureless plain according to the CIA World Factbook. There are some high mountains in the far south and along the countrys northeast and western areas however. Sudans highest point, Kinyeti at 10,456 feet (3,187 m), is located on its far southern border with Uganda. In the north, most of Sudans landscape is desert and desertification is a serious issue in nearby areas.The climate of Sudan varies with location. It is tropical in the south and arid in the north. Parts of Sudan also have a rainy season which varies. Sudans capital Khartoum, which is located in the central part of the country where the White Nile and the Blue Nile rivers (both of which are tributaries of the Nile River) meet, has a hot, arid climate. The January average low for that city is 60ËšF (16ËšC) while the June average high is 106ËšF (41ËšC).To learn more about Sudan, visit the Geography and Maps section on Sudan on this web site.References Central Intelligence Agency. (27 December 2010). CIA - The World Factbook - Sudan. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/su.htmlInfoplease.com. (n.d.). Sudan: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107996.htmlUnited States Department of State. (9 November 2010). Sudan. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5424.htmWikipedia.com. (10 January 2011). Sudan - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudan

Discuss the positive and negative effects of globalisation on China Essay

Discuss the positive and negative effects of globalisation on China - Essay Example Similarly leveraging of huge natural resources for the growth and development of the economy to be a powerful country in the world has been possible in the backdrop of globalization with economic reforms. The environmental impact due to global warming is very important from the international perspective and for sustainable development, because the economic development at the current level by exploiting the natural resources at this level is not sustainable in the long run. The Sustainable Development according Bruntland (1987) means â€Å"Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.† (The World Bank Group, 2001) Background The Chinese economy based on state owned industrial undertakings and collective communes, was ineffective in achieving the desired economic growth in the country which aspired to become a leading international power. The economic reforms introduced during the period of Deng Xi aoping in the late 1970s aimed at catching up with the developed countries gave a fillip to a system of decentralized market-based economy. Goodhart, C. and Xu, C. (1996, p. 34) state â€Å"Following the decision to open the economy, and to increase the role of market forces and reduce the burden of state subsidies on foreign trade losses (since the RMB was artificially overvalued), China began to decentralize its foreign trade and foreign exchange systems in 1979†. The country was successful in establishing the phenomenon of ‘regulated market economy’ without compromising political control of the party. Consequently the foreign direct investment into the country has grown significantly aiding the growth process over the period of time. Environmental Impact The issues related to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas emissions and global warming in the negotiations at the international level has gathered momentum starting from Kyoto Protocol. China being t he world's largest greenhouse  gas emitter is constrained to take measures in line with the world opinion and committed to 40 to 45% reduction in CO2 emissions from 2005 level by 2020 in the recent Copenhagen Climate Change Summit in December 2009.   Finamore (2009) states â€Å"a carbon intensity target will require each province and major enterprise to measure, report and reduce their CO2 emissions and energy consumption, year-on-year, acting as a driver for greater efficiency and renewable†. The US and China as the major greenhouse gas emitters are expected by the world community to take proactive measures in containing the greenhouse gas emissions. Climate Ark (2007) states â€Å"The world faces a global warming disaster if the United States and China do not take decisive action to cut greenhouse gas emissions, a leading economist said at the U.N. â€Å" Evidence China Daily (2011) states that the new issue of the British "Nature" magazine published the first two st udies to draw definitive conclusions that human activity caused global warming is indeed global rainfall, snowfall intensity increased, an increase in natural disasters such as floods†. Unseasonal droughts, floods and other natural disasters have been closely associated with global warming. The social and environmental consequences of the industrial activities

An Appraisal of Martin Parr's 'Think of England' Publication Essay

An Appraisal of Martin Parr's 'Think of England' Publication - Essay Example Residents and workers in the areas surrounding the Chernobyl Power Plant were exposed to radiation levels one hundred times higher than the Hiroshima Bomb. At the publication date of Legacy, and still today in 2009, Chernobyls menacing results are still very evident. Darwells photographs ultimately offer a thoughtful and skilled presentation of a series of polarities: the visible effects of the invisible radiation; the simultaneous presence and absence of humanity; the past and the future of the Chernobyl area. It will be thousands of years before the decaying isotopes will allow safe habitation. The inside cover of Legacy is made up of dark grey letters on light grey paper with an alphabetic SPREAD of words, such as Atom Bomb, Beryllium, Black Rain, Cancer, and Chernobyl (depicted in white). The list ends with the words The Nuclear Age, also in white. Darwell’s choice of colors, or better yet, lack of color, allows the important words to jump off the page as the reader opens the book. Turning the page, the end paper reads; LEGACY - photographs inside the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, and offer a kind of warning or foreshadowing of what is to come in the following pages. This definitely sets a tone for the book, and creates a mood before the pictorial tour begins. Elegantly stretching it’s metal spires upwards to the sky, the Chernobyl Power Plant towers appear graceful and architectural, like latticed works of sculpture. Set against a violet sky, its black silhouette resembles the framework of an erecting cathedral. During the race to harness nuclear energy, these towers were considered to be visions of progress and hope for the future. Darwell’s photographic distance from the subject succeeds in juxtaposing its skeletal beauty against its cataclysmic destructive force. How ironic that a structure that caused so much death and

Research About Students with Parents Working Abroad Essay Example for Free

Research About Students with Parents Working Abroad Essay Tool. A person or a thing used to accomplish another’s purposes, to convey, somebody who is manipulated to carry out tasks. It also refers to the process of how the data of this study is gathered collected. (Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.  © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.) Spirituality. The quality or condition of being spiritual. It also refers to the subject of the study which is one of the many roles that a nurse has, it is relentlessly provided to the appropriate respondents. (Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.  © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.) Hospital. An institution where people receive medical, surgical, or psychiatric treatment and nursing care. It also refers to the location of the study conducted. (Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.  © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.) Experience. Knowledge or skill gained through being involved in or exposed to something over a period of time. It is used as the extent of the respondent’s awareness. (Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.  © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.) Practice. To work in a profession, especially law or medicine. Refers to the respondent’s profession which is adopted in the study. (Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.  © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.) Patient. Somebody who receives medical treatment. It is the respondents in the SACH which is given spirituality care by the nurse respondents. It also refers to one of the subjects of the study. (Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.  © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.) Demographic Data. The characteristics of a human population or part of it, especially its size, growth, density, distribution, and statistics regarding birth, marriage, disease, and death. In this study it refers to the number of respondents in SACH that is to be used in the study. (Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009.  © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation.) Level of Awareness. Relating to or having knowledge of something from having observed it or been told about it. In this study, it represents the total number of correctness of the respondents to the answers in the provided questionnaires on their level of awareness about spiritual care in both nurses patients in SACH.

Ernest Hemingway Essay -- Ernest Hemingway Authors Essays

Ernest Hemingway The writer/artist that I chose to enlighten you with has inspired many writers as well as literature majors for many years. He continues to tickle our imaginations with the legacy that he has left us with. This man was as genuine as you can get. He was loved by many. He made an impact on any life that he came across. This man is non other than, Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway was a free spirit in an unattached sense. He loved adventure, as well as the drink. He was somewhat enterprising and approached life with added enthusiasm. Hemingway was loyal to himself through living life to the fullest, when times permitted. By this I mean, most people have had a few hardships by choices made without addressing an outcome. Yet, it seems that in Hemingway's youth, improper choices did not faze him in the least. He approached every day as if it were anew, forgetting the woes of yesterday. Hemingway was a handsome man, tall and built. He was sensitive, energetic and had a superb toughness about him which made for a solid spirit. He had luck on his side, as well as an imagination that most would love to be blessed with. He could take any situation and turn it into a story that would catch your attention until the very end. One of his sons states, "when you knew my father for a long time in his youth you could only love him and marvel at him, and when you knew him when he got older you could only be sad or bitter- depending on how well you had known him when he was young". ( Gregory H Hemingway, M.D. "PAPA" A Personal Memoir 1976) This tells me that as Hemingway approached the comming of age, he expericanced a somewhat "dry" well. As we all grow older we slow down, as well as become of a more boring state, and it is ... ...n any future writing. Unfortunatly Hemingway found it too hard to go on, feeling forced to suffer from the loss of his one true love, writing. Heminway commited suicide on the morning on July 2nd, 1961. The apple doesnt fall far from the tree. It seems as if the suicide trend had been passed down through the generations of males within his family. If you read closely into his life, you see a man full of passion, and a vitality which many of us only wish to have. Hemingway has set an example within the literary world. He is admired by many and loved by anyone who has had the pleasure of knowing him, or the opporitunity to know the legend himself through his works. Works Cited Hemingway, Gergory H. M.D. (1976). "PAPA, A Personal Memoir." Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. Ernest Hemingway Biography>Childhood http://www.lostgeneration.com/childhood.htm

Puck’s Mischief Essay

Puck may be mischievous, but he is not cruel or evil. Do you agree? I agree to a large extent that; although Puck may be mischievous and playful, it does not mean that he is inherently cruel and evil. Mischievousness, implies a sort of roguish fondness for trickery and pranks, this however does not necessarily dictate that Puck is evil at heart. At the outset, the first impression the audience receives of Puck is that of a merry prankster and not a hard-hearted plotter who wishes ill. The first fairy the audience meets describes Puck as a ‘shrewd and knavish sprite’ referring directly to his mischievous spirit. The fairy describes Puck’s pranks of making ‘the drink to bear no barm’ and Puck himself talks about how he ‘jest[s] to Oberon, and make[s] him smile’ and even pretends to be a stool only to disappear when one wants to sit; all of which though they may sometimes be unkind, do not mean any serious harm. Thus from the beginning, Shakespeare creates the impression of a character that delights in mischief, but does not go out of his way to harm people. Though Puck catalyses the conflict between the lovers, it is not because of evil intent that he does this. In fact if anyone should be deemed cruel or evil in A Midsummer Night’s Dream, it should be Oberon. As it was due to carrying out Oberon’s orders, Puck caused the confusion amongst the lovers seen in Act 3 Scene 2. It is doubtless that Puck was indeed the one who ‘anoint[s]’ Lysander’s eyes instead of Demetrius, causing Lysander to pursue Helena to ‘honour†¦ [her] and be†¦ [her] knight’, creating a tangle of lovers when all four finally meet in Act 3 Scene 2. However, he does this obliviously, as seen in how he later admits that he had ‘mistook’ Lysander for Demetrius because Oberon identified Demetrius by ‘the Athenian garments he hath on’. Thus going to show that he had no intention of causing the trouble he did. Additionally, he is willing to make amends for the trouble he has caused, showing that he meant no permanent harm. After finding out that he had ‘laid the love juice on some true-love’s sight’ causing a ‘true love [to] turn’d false’, by causing Lysander to fall for Helena, he immediately commits himself to being ‘swifter than an arrow from tartar’s bow’ in searching for Helena to make things right. Later he honestly admits his mistake to Oberon, pleading Oberon ‘King of shadows’ to ‘believe [him that he]†¦ mistook’. Thus by willingly admitting his mistake and swiftly making amends, Puck shows that he had no intent to harm the lovers at all, shedding light on his character that he is not intrinsically evil. Furthermore, Puck shows compassion for the lovers in his actions, revealing a somewhat unexpected benevolent nature. This is seen when he mistakes Lysander’s reason for sleeping so far from Hermia as ‘lack[ing]-love and†¦ courtesy’. He echoes similar sentiments when he comments that ‘Cupid is a knavish lad, Thus to make poor females mad’ at the end of all the chaos of Act 3 Scene 2. Similarly, although Puck leads Demetrius and Lysander ‘Up and down, up and down’, seeming to goad them, he does so for good reason- in order to lead them away from each other to prevent a fight. Hence through these instances, Puck shows himself to be even less of the hot-headed mischief maker. However, Puck does show a streak of cruelty in his dealings with the craftsmen. His attitude to the craftsmen and Bottom in particular is scornful, calling them the ‘shallowest thicksin of that barren sort’. This conflicts with the audience’s previous encounters with the craftsmen, which though show them to be ‘shallow’ they are certainly not ‘barren’, and ‘The Most Lamentable Comedy and Most Cruel Death of Pyramus and Thisbe’ they persevered in practicing is proof of this. Thus Puck comes across here as very caustic and snide, which may lead the audience to think of him as a wicked character. He even gloats to Oberon about how he had ‘An ass’s noll fixed on’ Bottom’s head, which reveals a certain malicious streak in him. Nonetheless, Puck’s conclusion of the play emphasizes that he means no ill will. In his closing statement, he says to the audience that ‘If you pardon, we shall amend’, for he is ‘an honest Puck’. Highlighting yet again that although he may delight in and make a ‘sport’ out of mischief, he means no real injury, for he is no cruel fairy.

Bugusa Inc Worksheet

University of Phoenix Material BUGusa, Inc. , Worksheet Use the scenarios in the Bugusa, Inc. , link located on the student website to answer the following questions. Scenario: WIRETIME, Inc. , Advertisement Has WIRETIME, Inc. , committed any torts? If so, explain. Scenario: WIRETIME, Inc. (Janet)—Brenda Has WIRETIME, Inc. committed any torts? If so, explain. Janet has signed a contract with BUGusa she is committing intentional tort because she is intentionally leaving one company knowing that she has an agreement.She is intentionally leaving them to go work for the competitor so that she can get more money. She can be held liable for any harm or money loss for BUGusa because she has left the department with a signed contract. Scenario: WIRETIME, Inc. (Steve and Walter) Discuss any liability BUGusa, Inc. , may have for Walter’s actions. Scenario: BUGusa, Inc. , Plant Parking Lot—Brenda What defenses may be available to BUGusa, Inc.? Explain your answer.In any par king lot or company if there is a crime committed on the duty most of the time the employer is liable for what happens to the employee on company time. Since the lights were out on the dock and there was no one there to help the delivery person. I think that BUGusa is liable for the mishap. The company needs to make sure that there are enough lights to keep everything lit and visible. They are strict liability because they are held liable for an act regardless of intent or willfulness and plus this is an abnormal dangerous activity.BUGusa should have signs up to say that they are not responsible for any unsupervised or stolen property on the premises if they do not want to get held responsible for what happens. Scenario: BUGusa, Inc. (Randy and Brian) What defenses may be available to BUGusa, Inc.? Explain your answer. Scenario: BUGusa, Inc. (Sally) Sally may have a successful case against BUGusa, Inc. , for what torts? Explain your answer.

Heart Of Darkness Essays - Fiction, Literature, Congo Free State

Heart Of Darkness Essays - Fiction, Literature, Congo Free State Heart Of Darkness The contrast between Kurtz's intended and black mistress The Heart of Darkness is a story about a man telling a tale of an adventure that he had on the Congo River. During this adventure he meets a guy named Kurtz. Kurtz was congregating with a tribe of people who worshiped him and did what ever he told them to do. Kurtz was a very special person in the way he influenced the feelings of two very different, but somewhat similar women. Among this tribe of savages was a woman that was said to have been Kurtz's mistress. Back home he had a woman who he was supposed to marry. Kurtz's black mistress and intended were two very different people, from different places, who shared the same devotion towards him even though there were many obstacles in the way of their love. Kurtz's intended was from the city and was well off with money. Kurtz's black mistress was in a tribe of savages in Africa. She to was well off in her possessions. You could tell she was well off or important in the things she wore and the way that Marlow described the way she carried herself and the way the other members of the tribe watched what ever she did. In the city the intended's family labeled Kurtz as being not good enough. Marlow says that it was because, he was not rich enough or something. (p.249) This is ironic because his black mistress' tribe or family treats him like a god. Both women felt the same undying devotion to Kurtz. When Kurtz was being taken away by Marlow on his ship the tribe came running and hollering trying to get him back. The woman even entered the water with her arms stretched towards the boat. Marlow blew the whistle to scare away the tribe. This worked and even made the ones closest to the shore fall down flat on their face as if they were dead. The whistle did nothing to the woman and she remained in the water with her arms out. The whistle did not scare the woman like it did the rest of the tribe because she was devoted to Kurtz and wanted to be with him. Kurtz intended shared the same devotion towards him as the black tribal woman did. Marlow went to see her, a year after the death of Kurtz, and she was still in mourning. The woman accepted Marlow into her home because he was a friend of Kurtz. She was glad he had visited, so she would have someone to talk to about him. She talked of how she loved him and of how he needed her. They talked of when he died and she got upset. She said, And I was not with him.(p.251) She said she would have treasured everything he did and said. Marlow tells her that he was with him till the end and that he heard his last words. She wanted to know what they were and said, Repeat themI want-I want-something-something-to-to live with.(p.251) She says this so Marlow will tell her his last words. He tells her that his last words were her name. This makes her feel good and at the same time makes her weep in her hands. Kurtz played an important role in the lives of both women and had a tremendous impact on the way they loved him. Both women were very different and at the same time very similar in the way they loved Kurtz. Both went through very tramadic experiences to show their undying love for him.

Can the 365 Day Penny Challenge Help You Save Money

Can the 365 Day Penny Challenge Help You Save Money SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Saving money can be really hard. It’s also really important. If you don't, it can be impossible to reach your financial goals, whether purchasing a house or paying for your child’s college education. Saved money also helps pay for sudden, unexpected expenses, like a car repair or an surprise doctor’s bill. However, if you’re stuck in the trap of living paycheck to paycheck, saving money may seem totally out of the question. That’s where the penny challenge comes in! Designed to help you save nearly $700 in one year, the penny challenge makes saving money manageable and fun by breaking your goal into tiny daily payments. In this article, I’ll talk about how the penny challenge works, whether or not it’s a good way to save money, and offer tips to help you succeed if you try it. What’s the Penny Challenge? The 365 day penny challenge (or penny-a-day challenge) makes saving money easier and more manageable by having people deposit a small amount of money every day into a savings account or small jar. Basically, you start by depositing one penny into your savings on the first day of the challenge. The next day, you deposit two pennies. On the third day, you deposit three pennies. You keep increasing the amount of money you deposit by one penny every day, until you deposit $3.65 into the account on the final day. After a year of doing this, you’ll have saved $667.95. The penny challenge helps you save money in manageable small increments. Instead of struggling to put 20% of your paycheck into your savings account, or paying a larger amount of money into your account on a less regular basis, the 365 day penny challenge gets you into the habit of saving a small amount of money very regularly. Penny Challenge Printout Use this printout to keep track of how much money you should deposit into your savings account every day of the 365 day penny challenge. You can also download a larger, PDF version of this chart here: Penny Challenge PDF. Tips and Tricks for the Penny-a-Day Challenge Use these tips and tricks to make following the 365 day penny challenge easier and more fun. #1: Make Saving Easy and Fun Looking for extra motivation to make your savings exciting? Use a fun jar or piggy bank! Find a safe place in your house to put your makeshift savings account. Using a fun jar can incentivize saving money by making it fun and more game-like to deposit your pennies. You can also visualize your progress and see the physical fruits of your savings labor every day. If you'd rather deposit money into an online savings account or an account at your bank, you should try to minimize the frequency of your transactions. If you're depositing the money into a physical savings account, collect all the money from each day of the week in one place and designate a specific day of the week that you'll deposit that into your savings account at the bank. If you'd rather make online transactions, tally the money that you're supposed to deposit each week and transfer it from your checking to savings account in one transaction. You can schedule those online transactions ahead of time if you're worried about forgetting them. I'd highly recommend using a fun jar or piggy bank to save your money during the penny-a-day challenge. Depositing your money that way will make saving money more easy and automatic, since you won't have to make weekly trips to the bank or remind yourself to transfer funds online. #2: Deposit Your Money First Thing in the Morning One of the best things you can do to make the penny challenge easier for you is to get into the habit of depositing your money first thing in the morning. If you get into the habit of depositing money first thing in the morning, it’ll be easier for you to remember to do it every day. Turn saving money into a part of your morning routine, just like brushing your teeth or washing your face. That way, you’ll never forget to do it! It’s better to deposit money in the morning, rather than at night, because when you deposit money first thing in the morning, you won’t have encountered any opportunity to spend that money. If you wait until the end of the day to deposit your money, you may have already spent it on a movie ticket or dinner or other purchase. Depositing money first thing in the morning prioritizes saving over spending. #3: Track Your Progress A great way to motivate yourself is to track your progress. You can track your progress by watching your savings account online, or by updating a small card or placard near your piggy bank. You’ll be surprised how quickly the saved pennies add up, and tracking your progress can also motivate you to continue saving if you're struggling. #4: Place the Chart Somewhere Easy to See Worried about forgetting about the penny challenge? Print out our penny challenge print-out and paste it somewhere you’ll see it every day, like your refrigerator or your bathroom mirror. If you see the challenge every time you reach for a snack, you’ll be less likely to forget about it. Does the Penny Challenge Work? So, is the penny challenge actually effective at helping you save money? If you’ve failed at larger savings challenges, like the 52 week challenge or the bi-monthly challenge, the penny challenge is a solid way to save a bit of money every day, leading up to a decent savings account at the end of the year. Because the 365 day penny challenge requires depositing only a small amount of money every day, it’s a great way for people who struggle with money to start saving. Even if you’re living paycheck to paycheck, you can likely find several pennies every day to put into your savings account. Many people who do the penny challenge are absolute beginners at saving money - which is okay! The penny challenge helps you form a consistent habit of saving money by getting you into the practice of saving money everyday. The biggest con of the 365 day penny challenge is that it doesn’t ultimately save that much money. While $667.95 is a decent amount of savings, it won’t go very far in helping you pay for larger purchases, like a house or a car, or facing unexpected costs, like a hospital bill. You’ll need to eventually start putting away more money in order to fund any larger purchases. Review: How the Penny Challenge Can Help You Save Money The penny challenge is a great way for people who struggle with saving money to get into the habit of putting away a small amount of money each day. By saving pennies every day, you’ll build your savings account and develop smart habits about saving money.

Frederick Douglass, Independence Day Speech Essay

Frederick Douglass, Independence Day Speech - Essay Example Douglass, applauds the crowd for celebrating the fourth of July, and reminds them that the nation is still young to embrace a positive change. He also acknowledges efforts of American Revolutionaries in their quest to fight for their freedom against the legal bondage under British rule. He considers anti-slavery a just, reasonable and patriotic stance for future generations to come, and not a politically affiliated cause. In the speech, signers of the Declaration of Independence are praised for their patriotic efforts to put a country’s interests above their own. However, Douglass advices and urges listeners to strive to continue the work of these great revolutionaries who brought with them democracy and freedom to their great land. On the other hand, Douglass shuns American black slavery, and condemns the pretense of Americans for being untrue to the principles, both past and present, of the founders. He retorts by saying that some people find favor in imposing slavery to others yet they cannot be in a position to be slaves themselves. Douglass considers this as a non-divine, inhumane act, which is cruel in God’s eyes. In addition, he also shuns the America ministers and churches for remaining silent and acquiescing towards existence of slavery. He notes that the church in this case is superlatively guilty in its right sense. In conclusion, Douglass is optimistic that pro-slavery forces will be eventually concurred by anti-slavery sentiments. He stresses the arrival of freedom, and the abolitionists promise to fight slavery, whatever the

Wk 4 lab Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wk 4 lab - Essay Example Justice for Davis and fair trial for Lewis and Karel.The splashing of whisky into Davis eyes was willful and intentional. But would the court treat alcohol as a weapon other than firearm? (California penal code section 245).Would it produce great bodily harm. If the answer is yes, then this is a felony charge with a sentence of up to 4 years and a fine of up to $10000, and not the $100000 compensation demanded by Davis.A compensation would preempt prosecution if they settle out of court. The use of violence on Davis by Karel leading to arm dislocation is a simple battery and can be charged as a misdemeanor or a felony. (California penal code section 242-243).There was body contact which led to injury, although no weapon was used. We can also contend that Lewis was a first offender with no record of violent temperament. We would also need to establish whether Lewis and Karel were intoxicated during commission of that offence, such that, we can argue on temporary insanity occasioned by intoxication. Even if these offences were committed in Malcolm parker’s premises, he is not the assailant and when push comes to shove, the assailants should be arraigned, charged, and sued for compensation and

Catholic Areas of Europe before 1570 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Catholic Areas of Europe before 1570 - Essay Example The process is still viewed by many European observers as favourable.4 Aside from increasing wealth through world trade and bartered products, ties between the Old World and the new world were discovered. They also believed it introduced Christianity. The conquest of the Americas and expansion to the rest of the world were said to have brought about the best as well as the worst of European civilization. Resources were greedily plundered and the natives were brutally repressed and enslaved in attempts to create news institutions and convert the natives to Christianity. In any case, the Europeans had begun to change the face of the world in an effort to export their religion, culture, and language to all corners of the earth.5 "Christianising" brought in wealth for Spain's new colonies in Latin America mainly from silver. In 1545 silver was discovered at Potos, in modern Bolivia. After delivering European goods needed in the colonies, convoys of Spanish caravels would carry back to Sp ain gold and silver together with a 20% share of the Spanish crown.6 But the rise of the Reformation (1517) had inflicted serious wounds on the Church, when so many priests defected.7 II. Religious allegiance Massive campaign to Christianise. Catholic Europe had been confined to one geographical area for almost a thousand years. The Crusades which saw them beyond frontiers had largely failed.8 The religious orders early on, had obtained broad powers in the colonies so that the Franciscans, the Dominicans and the Augustinians carried out a massive campaign to Christianize the natives, especially in New Spain. Lands outside Europe provided a strong attraction, and desire for wealth was the main motivation of the early explorers, though spreading Christianity was also an important factor.9 Mixed motives. All with "God, glory, and gold" as the primary motives of the voyages, several were carried out in the first two decades of the sixteenth century exploring the eastern coasts of both North and South America. Vasco Nuez de Balboa, a Spanish explorer, led an expedition across the Isthmus of Panam, reaching the Pacific Ocean in 1513, and Ferdinand Magellan in 1519 sailed through the Pacific Ocean and reached the Philippines, where he was killed by the natives.10 III. Economic Development Beginning a new era. European adventurers like Magellan were hardly aware that they were beginning a new era, not only for Europe but for the peoples of Asia, Africa, and the Americas. They marked the beginning of a process leading to radical changes in the political, economic and cultural life of the entire world.11 More wars. The imperial age saw that the population of the lands of the united monarchy amounted to 8,500,000 in the 1590s, a level which was not surpassed for two hundred years. Emigration to the Indies averaged to about 2,000 people a year. The European wars were fought almost entirely outside Spanish soil, and the proportion of European mercenaries in 50,000 to 70,000 troops being maintained by the crown increased steadily, especially in the closing decades of the

Why is China Called the Sleeping Giant?

Why is China Called the Sleeping Giant? China is a huge nation that has been experiencing unprecedented growth over the past few decades an average annual GDP of well over 10 percent. While Chinas actual per capita income is still classified in the lower-middle category in global statistics, at about $3,200, it is still the third largest economy in the world after the United States and Japan with a nominal DFP of $4.3 trillion (Chinese Government, 2010). Contemporary China now participates in the global private sector. Her companies play a major role in the global economy, and companies in the developed world take Chinese manufacturing trends quite serious. Chinas view of her economy is Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, which is defined variantaely by scholars. Over 1/3 of the economy is state owned and controlled, and there is significant new foreign investment in the country. Key government industries are utilities, heavy industry and energy resources. China is the worlds largest producer of rice, and is among the top producers of cotton, corn, tobacco, soybeans, and peanuts. Industrially, it is also a world producer in cotton products, coal, crude oil, and its mineral resources are among the richest in the world, albeit only partially developed. All this developed has resulted in Chinas populace seeing a gradual improvement in their living standard, even in the rural areas, but it is the cities in which the most vital and burgeoning growth occurs. Like any developing country, though, China has growing pains. It remains more concerned with State economic development that per capita improvement. Chinas growth may not, in fact, remain sustainable unless there is a dramatic change in the infrastructure and a redevelopment of natural resources that matches the needs of the global environment (e.g. human rights, pollution control, trade imbalances, etc.). Even with the new face, china still has severe corruption issues in the government, huge environmental issues, and a rapidly aging population w ith limited capital resources to sustain an older, non-working, population (CIA Factbook, 2010; National Bureau of Statistics of China, 2010). One very telling example is the way China has merged the political with global economic independence, and its ability to negotiate environmental issues. For the past fifty years, the country has spent considerable resource modernizing, coalescing power, investing in other countries, and changing the way it utilizes its greatest resource its population. Indeed, much of Chinas current strategic and tactical foreign policy surrounds its rapid growth over the last several decades and the way it has extended itself in so many directions. China is still dependent upon Middle Eastern oil importing up to 8 million barrels a day. The vulnerability also extends past oil dependence into fears of an energy insecurity peak. The emerging trends in China are that its energy needs are going to continue to exponentially increase, while if something is not done, there will not be the rate worker base to handle this segment of the market. And, to top it off, such rapid development coupled with global warming and pollution issues threatens to damage Chinas agricultural markets some areas must pollinate their trees and fields by hand (Shirk, 2007). Indeed, what seems to be happening with China is understandable the Developed World had their Industrial Revolutions and decades of pollution without control. Now the developing world is trying for rapid industrialization but has the added conundrum of restrictions, issues with global warming, pollution, and world opinion. Citing both qualitative and quantitative governmental data, authors Chung, Fryxell and Lo (2006) maintain that while China is overtly committed to promote programs that have environmental conservation as part of their template, the stark reality is that the country falls quite short of even its own basic standards. This revelation is based on the number of permits authorized for construction versus the number of ISO 14001-4 permits and requirements met (473-6). We must also take into consideration both the vastness of Chinas geography and the complexity of their bureaucracy. Governmental regulations are not always translated into actualities at the local level, largely due to enforcement and logistical issues, all politically based. Chinas Path Towards Modernization China did not experience an Industrial Revolution and modernization in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries as did many European countries and even Japan, to some extent. Instead, throughout even the 19th century, China remained largely rural and controlled by a series of warlord governments. In fact, it was a series of civil wars, internal bureaucratic corruption, and imperialism that damaged the country and economy to the point that China was ripe for dramatic social and political change (China Country Profile, 2010). Once Japan had been defeated in 1945 another civil war erupted, this time between the Nationalists and the Communists. In 1949, the Communist regime, with the assistance of the Soviet Union, garnered victory and established The Peoples Republic of China on the mainland, with the Chinese Nationalist Party relegated to the island of Taiwan. Soviet influence was heavy, as it was in the conflict over the Korean peninsula in the early 1950s. Chinese leadership counted on Soviet aid for, even with a huge population they were in the midst of a serious economic decline. The Soviet political leadership had a vested interest in supporting the Maoist revolutionary group, not simply to export world communism, but to establish a communist state in Asia (Garver, 1988, 1-34). What followed were a series of rather disruptive socioeconomic movements designed to rapidly industrialize, collectivize, and change the landscape of China called The Great Leap Forward. Like the Soviet Union, peasant resistence and economic ineptitude resulted in an estimated 30-36 million deaths (Smil, 1999). Once the so-called old guard of the Communist Revolution died, though, it was time to rethink economic and political progress. By 1978 there was some relaxation of control, but the PRC still had iron-clad control over politics and society. Economic reforms were politicized and put into effect by Den Xiaoping decollectivization of the countryside, some political decentralization of control in the industrial sector and an amazing public pronouncement that the past few decades had been an appalling catastropheà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the most severe setback to the socialist cause since 1949 (Poon, 2006). Politically, it was important to quickly develop the consumer and export sectors of the economy, and create and buttress an urban middle class, increase living standards, and deal with such issues as literacy, life expectancy, personal rights, and most especially, agricultural output. Knowing that things move slow politically and socially in China, we can now trace an important step in opening up China to the West both politically and economically. In 1972, while Mao was still alive but Deng controlling most of the upper echelons of political power, U.S. President Richard Nixon visited China, The results of the week long visit, most of it orchestrated by Henry Kissinger, were vast: a political agreement that there was only one China and an agreement to settle the Taiwanese situation; to open trade and commerce between China and the West; and to reduce tensions between the two countries. Nixon himself commented, This was the week that changed the world, as what we have said in that Communiquà © is not nearly as important as what we will do in the years ahead to build a bridge across 16,000 miles and 22 years of hostilities which have divided us in the past. And what we have said today is that we shall build that bridge (1972 in Review, 1973). The Way of the Sleeping Giant- Unlike the West, which had 150-200 years to accomplish the technological and social revolution of transforming from rural to urbanized-industrial economies, China has had less than 50 years. However, a combination of traditional Chinese Values, the Maoist push, and post-Maoist political expertise has positioned the country to become the next global superpower. Since 1949, there have been 3-4 major shifts in overall philosophy within the elite; as globalism continues to develop, China wishes to be part of the global economic push with import/export and fiscal rewards, so small concessions have been made over the past decade to allow greater autonomy in business ownership and purchasing decisions. There is high political, economic, societal, and military cohesion since all are central controlled and there is no evidence of a lapse in the power base. Most recently, China has been under international pressure for its continued censorship program (television, motion pictures, and the Internet) (World Bank, 2010). This paradigm shift can best be understood by looking at a Chinese tradition dating back centuries. However, to understand modern China, we must also understand the basis for Chinese culture Confucianism. It was Confucianism, though, that dominated ancient Chinese history as a socio-religious philosophy. The trend towards philosophical underpinnings, too, was part of Ancient Chinas view of law, order, and state control. Confucianism is a Chinese ethical and philosophical system based on the teachings of Confucius. It is a system that focuses on social, moral, political, and philosophical through, and stresses the important of education and the actualization of the individual. In combination, individuals then are able to govern the state by morality and virtue, rather than extreme coercion or violence (Sprunger). Unlike many religions, Confucianism expects to be part of the political/legal process and governance is part of the expectations of service by the populace. A basic sense of duty, honor, and bureaucratic hierarchy is part of the philosophy, as was a general view that people were generally good, wanted to exist within an orderly society, and only needed structure to remind them of the way of being good: This legalistic tradition is actually more of a political mindset that has been part of the way of Chinese politics for centuries. If we look at basic Maoism, we see that there are indeed some similarities, albeit with a Marxist bias. Maoism of course emphasizes the revolutionary struggle of the masses against exploiters, or a Peoples War. However, Maoism departs from Marxism because it is based on reforming an agrarian economy as opposed to an urban, industrialized state. The new communist leaders abandoned most Maoist practices by 1978, calling the new China which is a combination of ancient legalism, Maoism, and socialism, as Socialism with Chinese characteristics (Chung-Yueh Hsu, 1990, 168-72). Thus, the character and flavor of Chinese politics is shaped by a number of rubrics, all of which now combine to produce a country that may appear contradictory, but is in fact completely within character. This is illuminated given an overview of Chinas recent national goals and issues as they relate to both internal political stability and growth, and Chinas emerging position within the overall geopolitical landscape of the 21st century. These goals are broken down into three major parts; political, social, and economic, all interrelated to a political culture based on the past and moving forward. Political Harness nationalism in moderate and appropriate ways to retain control over divergent and large population. Political/Military Increase military spending and size of military structure -eventual goal is to field the most sophisticated Army in the world Political Cannot provide enough of its own energy needs, must use geopolitics to ensure development continues Political/Vulnerability Avoid, at all costs, a hostile world in which China is boxed in by USA/Japan/India/South Korea and Australia. Ensure Russian neutrality or support. Social Continue to support large domestic market and rising foreign investment. Social Manage rapid aging issues (32 years median age in 2010 to 45 in 2040) they will have the social burden of a rich country and the income of a poor country. Economic Manage Chinas vulnerability in production of goods to West in line with current economic crisis (e.g. smaller than needed orders for Holidays, etc.) Economic Diversify industry and become more self-sufficient in high-tech and other needed technological and industrial segments Economic/Political Improve infrastructure to ensure safety of population (e.g. earthquake proof buildings, higher building standards, etc.) Economic China shows no sign of slowing, and its overall strategic objectives were clearly stated in the Three Step Development Strategy of 1978: Step 1 -To double the 1980 SNP and ensure that the people had enough food and clothing to meet basic needs (attained prior to 1989). Step 2 To quadruple the 1980 GNP by the end of the 20th century (attained by 1995) Step 3 To increase per-capita GNP to the level of the medium developed countries by 2050, at which time modernization goals will be met (Mengin, 2002; Dahlman and Aubert, 2001). The trend that emerges, then, is a new China with clear ties to the old. With the aggressive nature of China in the global environment, many scholars, in fact, believe it will be China that dominates the 21st century the power base shifting from West to East. With 20 percent of all humanity, and a civilization with thousands of years of history and tradition, the new China is clearly poised to be the next global super-power (Jacques, 2009).

Assyrian Art Essay -- essays research papers

Assyrian Art The reliefs from the palace of King Assurnasirpal II at Nimrud play an important role in portraying the power and importance of the Assyrian king. These reliefs are similar to other Assyrian reliefs in terms of their purpose; however, there is a contrast in the methods used to glorify the king. By examining such factors as style, iconography and historical significance, we find many similarities and differences between the "ceremonial" reliefs and the more common reliefs depicting war and hunting. The reliefs belonging to the sacred or"ceremonial" category consist of panels depicting a sacred tree, a human headed genius fertilizing a sacred tree, a griffin fertilizing a sacred tree, and a scene of King Assurnasirpal (whose name comes from the god "Assur") followed by a winged genius. Dating to about 870 B.C., these reliefs were originally located in the antechamber to the royal throne hall and in the living room where it would have been viewed by distinguished guests. Because of their location and larger than life size, the reliefs "...instill in the beholder a sense of awe and reverence for the king...." (Art History Anthology 28). Moreover, the reliefs overwhelm the viewer by depicting the king's power and god-like divinity through propagandistic iconography and stylization. To portray the king's god-like divinity, the reliefs represent the deities and Assurnasirpal in a similar manner. First of all, hierarchic scale is almost absent since all the figures are closely related in size, with Assurnasirpal being only slightly shorter than the deities. In historical context, this shows that Assyrian kings were closely associated with deities, but were not considered gods themselves. This lack of hierarchic scale is also seen in the Lion Hunt of Assurbanipal, where king Assurbanipal is shown slightly larger than his servants. Secondly, the deities and Assurnasirpal are similar in stance and stylization. All the figures have their head and legs shown in profile, while the torso is shown halfway frontal. In addition, the figures maintain a stiff vertical stance with their arms extended in either straight lines or are stiffly bent into a ninety-degree angle. In the third panel, both a winged deity and Assurnasirpal are depicted facing towards the right with their left feet forward; however, in contrast, the human headed genius and the griffin ... ...a symmetrical manner with intertwining branches, stylized leaves, and a fan of leaves above the trunk. The winged geniuses are fertilizing the sacred tree with a date blossom in their right hand and holding a sacred bucket in their left. In addition, panel three shows a winged deity following Assurnasirpal with his right hand raised over the king "in a gesture of benediction and divine protection" (Art History Anthology 28). By placing these reliefs in his antechamber and living room, Assurnasirpal "emphasizes the sacred character of the Assyrian king, elected by the gods, although not himself of divine substance" (Frankfort 87). In conclusion, we find that the reliefs from the palace of King Assurnasirpal II play an important role in exhibiting the power and importance of the king. While an Assyrian king's power can be depicted is a war-like manner by his military might, we learn that"ceremonial" reliefs are also effective by placing the king in relation to gods. The power and importance of the king is shown through a peaceful manner that highly contrasts the scenes of death and fighting found in such reliefs as the lion hunt of Assurbanipal and the battle scene of Assurnasirpal.

Math 213 Reflective Paper

Reflective Paper – Math 213 Math 213 is a class packed full of information valuable to the development of a professional math teacher. There were several major mathematical concepts addressed in the class ranging from problem solving, numeration systems and sets, whole numbers and their operations, to algebraic thinking, integers and number theory, rational numbers as fractions, decimals and real numbers, and proportional reasoning, percents, and applications. This class enhanced my understanding of math in general, as well as enabled me to explore strategies on how to best present mathematical concepts in an elementary classroom setting.Since children learn differently than adults do, and do not have prior knowledge to draw meaning from, an important characteristic of a professional math teacher is to have the ability to create a classroom environment where students are encouraged to take risks and explore problems while learning problem solving strategies. According to the c lass textbook, A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers, â€Å"If problems are approached in only one way, a mind-set may be formed. † (Billstein, R. , Libeskind, S. , & Lott, J. 2010) Teachers need to give students a tool box of strategies, such as, look for a pattern, examine a related problem, identify a subgoal, make a diagram, or work backwards. While developing student’s problem solving skills, professional math teachers must begin to teach students to understand the meanings of whole numbers. This step will serve as scaffolding for students as they encounter more advanced concepts. Teachers should encourage the use of manipulatives, such as base-ten blocks, as they will help students relate whole numbers to something real.Teachers can also use Venn diagrams as they allow students to graphically organize material, which aids in the development of their analytical skills and teaches them to draw conclusions based on specific criteri a. Once mathematics teachers are able to create a solid base of knowledge, they can encourage their students to explore algebraic thinking, and expand their ability to think critically by the use of estimation and mental math. It is up to teachers to give students the skills to set up and solve algorithms that will help to build their math confidence and motivate them to expand on what they have learned.Teaching the concept of integers and number theory is a fundamental part of math curriculum. The ability of a professional mathematics teacher to tie in real world experiences, using hand on activities and manipulatives is essential in enabling students to build on mathematic ideas and understand how they interconnect. Also important is the concept of rational numbers as fractions, decimals, and real numbers. Teachers need to help ease the transition from whole numbers by clearly explaining the new rules and definitions students are unfamiliar with.By teaching the importance of ratio s, proportions, proportional reasoning, percents, and their real life applications, teachers are giving students the skills they need to become productive members of society. Proportional reasoning is one of the big ideas in math and if students are able to grasp this concept, they will be able to apply it in many instances in their lives. Teachers can assist students with this by providing interesting, well thought out problems that represent situations students will encounter in the future.This course influenced my philosophy on teaching math by helping me realize how important it is to facilitate mathematical learning through a variety of different learning experiences. I realized that there are often many ways to come up with the same answer, therefore problems should be presented in many in different contexts, as a means of seeing the same thing in a different light. This class also influenced my realization of the important role a math teacher plays not only in presenting info rmation, but in determining where a student went wrong when they do not grasp that information.I realized that for a teacher to be able to do this they must acquire a deep amount of pedagogical content knowledge and need to promote more than just procedural understanding when teaching math to their students. They need to present the â€Å"why†, and they need to be able to teach their students to make sense of mathematics by using reasoning and proof. This conceptual understanding comes from time and practice in a variety of contexts. Providing students with a multitude of mathematical experiences will help them understand math both inside and outside of the classroom.Most importantly, I realized that professional math teachers need to be good motivators. There were times in this class that I felt confused and wanted to give up. It was as if I were walking in my student’s shoes. This experience taught me that I will need to give my students positive encouragement and pl enty of feedback along the way. I will aim to challenge them mentally while providing the support they need to become successful learners. References Billstein, R. , Lineskind, S. and Lott, J. (2010). A Problem Solving Approach to Mathematics for Elementary School Teachers (10th ed. ). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.

Good Times or Bad Essay

The issue of dark leadership, which is characterized by an enduring inclination to selfishness, wrong intentions, and self-deception, is a potentially harmful phenomenon to business organizations. This is because leaders who exhibit such attributes usually have negative effects on the business organizations which they lead (Dubrin, 2009). Organizational performance is thus reduced or completely stalled. Owing to this phenomenon, the genesis of such dark leadership is an important consideration for modern business organizations. On the one hand, some commentators argue that dark leadership requires crisis situations to evolve. On the other hand, other people hold that such dark leadership can even develop in comparatively good social and economic conditions. A careful scrutiny however indicates that dark leadership does not necessarily require crises to emerge, rather inherent human imperfections make it arise on comparatively pleasant social and economic situations. For example, bearing in mind that one of the causative factors for dark leadership is humanity’s negative trait of selfishness, the concept that crisis situations precipitate dark leadership is effectively eliminated (Khoo & Burch, 2008). It thus follows that humans are naturally selfish, a situation that leads to them depicting dark leadership qualities. In addition, dark readership attributes can emanate from the leaders’ self-deception and wrong intentions, a fact that excludes the issue of unpleasant social and economic conditions. According to this argument, human beings are depicted to have the natural habit of deceiving themselves besides having wrong intentions (Sankar, 2003). In conclusion, dark leadership is an important concept in business organizations because it has the potential of ruining business performance. The factors that make leaders exhibit dark traits are however debatable. Some people cite crises while others point to humanity’s inherent negative qualities. A proper examination however demonstrates that humanity’s negative traits, such as selfishness, having mistaken intentions, and self-deception lead to dark leadership. References Dubrin, A. J. (2009). Leadership: Research findings, practice, and skills. Woodbridge, CT: Cengage Learning. Khoo, H. S. ; & Burch, G. S. T. (2008). The ‘dark side’ of leadership personality and transformational leadership: An exploratory study. Personality and Individual Differences, 44 (1), 86-97. Sankar, Y. (2003). Character not charisma is the critical measure of leadership excellence. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 9 (4), 45-55.